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Abbreviations

Here is a list of the abbreviations used on this website:

A… Associate of… e.g. ARA = Associate of the Royal Academy
AA Associated Artists in Watercolours (1808-1812)
AAS Aberdeen Artists’ Society
abbr abbreviation
ARA Associate of the Royal Academy of Arts
ARSA Associate of the Royal Scottish Academy
ARSW Associate of the Royal Scottish Society of Painters in Watercolours
BA Bachelor of Arts
BADA British Antique Dealers' Association
Bart Baronet
BI British Institution (1806-1867) Pall Mall
BM British Museum
BSc Bachelor of Science
BWS British Watercolour Society
c. circa (“about that date”)
cat. catalogue
CINOA Confederation Internationale des Negociants en Oeuvres d'Art
DD Doctor of Divinity
exhib. exhibitor, exhibited or exhibition
FBA Federation of British Artists
fl. flourit (flourished) denotes period actively painting or exhibiting
FRS Fellow of the Royal Society
FRSA Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts
FS The Free Society of Artists 1761-1783
FSA Fellow of the Royal Society of Antiquaries
GG Grosvenor Gallery (“Greeny-Yallery”)
GI Glasgow Institute of the Fine Arts (founded 1861) see also RGI
H… Honorary…
HAC Honourable Artillery Company (founded 1537)
HRSA Honorary Member Royal Scottish Academy
ILN Illustrated London News
IS International Society of Sculptors, Painters & Gravers
LAA Liverpool Academy of Arts
LG London Group
LL.D Doctor of Law
MA Master of Arts
MICE Member of the Institution of Civil Engineers
NEAC New English Art Club (founded 1886)
NG National Gallery (Trafalgar Square)
NG also New Gallery (founded 1888) Regent Street
NGS National Gallery of Scotland (The Mound, Edinburgh)
NLS National Library of Scotland
NMM National Maritime Museum, Greenwich
NPG National Portrait Gallery
NPS National Portrait Society
NS National Society of Painters Sculptors & Gravers
NSA New Society of Artists
NWS New Society of Painters in Watercolours (founded 1831)
OM Order of Merit
OWS “Old” Society of Painters in Watercolours (founded 1804)
P… President of …
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
PS Pastel Society
qv quod vide (“which see”)
RA Royal Academy (of Arts) founded 1768
RA Royal Academician
RA also Royal Artillery
RACYC Royal Armoured Corps Yacht Club
RBA Royal Society of British Artists (Suffolk Street)
RBC Royal British Colonial Society of Artists
RBS Royal Society of British Sculptors
RBSA Royal Birmingham Society of Artists
RCA Royal College of Art
RCA Also Royal Cambrian Academy
RDS Royal Dublin Society (founded 1731)
RE Royal Society of Painter-Etchers and Engravers See RPE
RE also Royal Engineers
RFC Royal Flying Corps
RGI Royal Glasgow Institute of the Fine Arts (Royal Charter granted 1896)
RGS Royal Geographical Society
RHA Royal Hibernian Academy, Dublin
RI Member of the Royal Institute of Painters in Watercolours (formerly NWS)
RIA Royal Irish Academy
RIBA Member of the Royal Institute of British Architects
RMA Royal Military Academy (Woolwich) “The Shop”
RMAS Royal Military Academy Sandhurst
RMCS Royal Military College of Science, Shrivenham
RMS Royal Society of Miniature Painters
RN Royal Navy
RNVR Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve
ROI Member of the Royal Institute of Painters in Oil-Colours
RORC Royal Ocean Racing Club
RP Royal Society of Portrait Painters
RPE Member of the Royal Society of Painters & Etchers
RSA Royal Scottish Academy (founded 1826) The Mound
RSA also Royal Society of Arts
RSMA Royal Society of Marine Artists
RSW Royal Scottish Society of Painters in Watercolours
RTR Royal Tank Regiment
RTYC Royal Thames Yacht Club
RUA Royal Ulster Academy
RWA Royal West of England Academy
RWS Royal Society of Painters in Watercolours
RYA Royal Yachting Association
RYS Royal Yacht Squadron
s&d signed & dated
SA The Society of Artists of Great Britain 1760-1791
SAC Scottish Arts Council
SAvA Society of Aviation Artists
SBA Society of British Artists (founded Suffolk Street, 1824)
SGA Society of Graphic Art
SM Society of Miniaturists
SMP Society of Mural Painters
SNGMA Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art
SNPG Scottish National Portrait Gallery (Queen Street, Edinburgh)
SS See SBA, RBA
SSWA Scottish Society of Women Artists
SWA Society of Women Artists
SWLA Society of Wildlife Artists
V&A Victoria & Albert Museum
VP… Vice President of…
WIAC Womens’ International Art Club
yr the younger

Member of British Antique Dealers Assoc

Member of International Confed. of Art Dealers